124 articles - From Friday Jun 10 2022 to Friday Jun 17 2022
Guidelines, position statements, white papers, technical reviews, consensus statements, etc…
| Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol |
GA White Paper: Challenges and Gaps in Innovation for the Performance of Colonoscopy for Screening and Surveillance of Colorectal Cancer. In 2018 the American Gastroenterological Association's (AGA) Center for GI Innovation and Technology (CGIT) convened a consensus conference, entitled, "Colorectal Cancer Screening and Surveillance: Role of Emerging Technology and Innovation to Improve Outcomes." The conference participants, which included more than 60 experts in colorectal cancer (CRC), considered recent improvements in CRC screening rates and polyp detection, persistent barriers to colonoscopy uptake, and opportunities for performance improvement and innovation. This white paper originates from that conference. It aims to summarize current patient- and physician-centered gaps and challenges in colonoscopy, diagnostic and therapeutic challenges affecting colonoscopy uptake, and the potential use of emerging technologies and quality metrics to improve patient outcomes. |
| Gastrointest Endosc |
Interventions to improve the performance of upper GI endoscopy quality indicators. To date, data on interventions aimed to improve these indicators are scarce. We systematically reviewed the literature to identify interventions and measures demonstrated to improve the performance of previously established upper endoscopy quality indicators. We also identified evidence gaps and opportunities for improvement in this area. |
meta-analyses and systematic reviews
| Inflamm Bowel Dis |
A Systematic Review of Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning Applications to Inflammatory Bowel Disease, with Practical Guidelines for Interpretation. Availability of longitudinal and deep phenotyping data could lead to better modeling. Machine learning pipelines that consider imbalanced data and that feature selection only on training data will generate more generalizable models. Machine learning models are increasingly being applied to more complex clinical tasks for specific phenotypes, indicating progress towards personalized medicine for IBD. |
| J Crohns Colitis |
Faecal metabolomics in paediatric inflammatory bowel disease: a systematic review. This systematic review provides evidence for distinct faecal metabolomic profiles in paediatric IBD. However, results varied across studies, possibly due to differences in study design and applied analytical techniques. Faecal metabolomics could provide more insight into host-microbial interactions in IBD, but further studies with standardised methodologies and reporting are needed. |
Ultrasound elastography in inflammatory bowel diseases a systematic review of accuracy compared to histopathological assessment. From the preliminary available data, an overall moderate-to-good accuracy of USE in detecting histological fibrosis (10/12 studies) was found. Point-shear wave elastography has been shown to perform superiorly. Further studies are needed to confirm these evidences. |
| Neurogastroenterol Motil |
Post-operative colonic manometry in children with anorectal malformations: A systematic review. No results from high-resolution colonic manometry were identified. Despite the prevalence of post-operative bowel dysfunction in children with repaired anorectal malformations, this systematic review highlighted the markedly limited evidence regarding post-operative colonic motility. This cohort may benefit from assessment with high-resolution techniques; however, future work must emphasize adherence to standardized manometry protocols, and include robust reporting of surgical characteristics, bowel function, and manometric outcomes. |
RCT, clinical trials, retrospective studies, etc…
| Aliment Pharmacol Ther |
Improved survival of viral hepatocellular carcinoma but non-viral hepatocellular carcinoma from 2000 to 2020: A multicenter cohort study of 6007 patients from high-volume academic centers in Japan. The prevalence of non-viral HCC is increasing. Although the survival of patients with viral HCC improved significantly over the past two decades, there was no improvement in patients with non-viral HCC. This was presumably due mainly to lower surveillance among patients with non-viral HCC and failure to diagnose early-stage HCC. |
| Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol |
Incidence of Type 2 Diabetes in Children with Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. Children with NAFLD are at high risk for existing and incident T2D. In addition to known risk factors for T2D (females and BMI z-score), severity of liver histology at the time of NAFLD diagnosis was independently associated with T2D development. Targeted strategies to prevent T2D in children with NAFLD are needed. |
USE OF THE ESOPHAGEAL SPONGE IN DIRECTING FOOD REINTRODUCTION IN EOSINOPHILIC ESOPHAGITIS. Results The EEsAI and EREFS were similar post-dietary therapy to post-food reintroduction: 12.0 (0.0,27.0) vs 16.5 (9.0,28.8) (p=0.265), and 1.5 (0.2,3.0) vs 1.0 (0.0,2.0) (p = 0.185). However, the peak eosinophil count was increased post-food reintroduction compared to post- dietary therapy: 20.0 (5.0,51.5) vs 2.0 (1.0,4.0) (P < .001), suggesting a failure of identification of al food triggers The peak eosinophil count was lower post-food reintroduction compared to pre-dietary therapy: 20.0 (5.0,51.5) vs 52.0 (30.8,76.2) (P = .008). At the post food reintroduction evaluation sponge cytology and biopsy histology were in agreement in 59% (13/22) of cases using a cut off of < 15 eos/hpf and 68% (15/22) of cases using a cut off of < 6 eos/hpf. |
| Endoscopy |
Risk scoring system for the pre-procedural prediction of clinical failure of peroral endoscopic myotomy: a multicenter case-control study. This risk scoring system can predict clinical failure of POEM preoperatively and provide useful information for making treatment decisions. |
| Gastroenterology |
Dysplastic stem cell plasticity functions as a driving force for neoplastic transformation of pre-cancerous gastric mucosa. These findings indicate that the DSCs are de novo gastric cancer-initiating cells responsible for neoplastic transformation and a promising target for intervention in early induction of gastric cancer. |
Metabolome changes with diet-induced remission in pediatric Crohn's disease. CDED+PEN- and EEN-induced remission are associated with significant changes in IBD-associated metabolites such as kynurenine, ceramides, amino acids and others. Sustained remission with CDED+PEN, but not EEN, was associated with persistent changes in metabolites. ClincialTrials.gov number, NCT01728870. |
METTL3 inhibits anti-tumor immunity by targeting m6A-BHLHE41-CXCL1/CXCR2 axis to promote colorectal cancer. Our study identifies METTL3 as a potential therapeutic target for CRC immunotherapy whose inhibition reverses immune suppression through m 6 A-BHLHE41-CXCL1 axis. METTL3 inhibition plus anti-PD-1 treatment show promising antitumor efficacy against CRC. |
Uncovering 1,058 novel human enteric DNA viruses through deep long-read third-generation sequencing and their clinical impact. We uncovered 1,058 novel human gut viruses. These findings can contribute to clinical diagnosis, current viral reference genome and future virome investigation. |
Vonoprazan Triple and Dual Therapy for Helicobacter pylori Infection in the US and Europe: Randomized Clinical Trial. Both vonoprazan-based regimens were superior to PPI-based triple therapy in clarithromycin-resistant strains and in the overall study population. ; NCT04167670. |
| Gastrointest Endosc |
Cap-assisted endoscopic mucosal resection versus standard inject and cut endoscopic mucosal resection for large colonic laterally spreading tumors treatment: a randomized multicenter study (with video). The study demonstrated the feasibility and safety of EMR-C for removing large colorectal LSTs, with higher eradication rate, shorter resection time and less use of APC when compared to EMR-S. |
Comparison of No Stent Fixation, Endoscopic Suturing, and a Novel Over-The-Scope Clip for Stent Fixation in Preventing Migration of Fully Covered Self Expanding Metal Stents: A Retrospective Comparative Study (with video). OTSC for stent fixation was found to have significantly lower migration rates compared to no fixation and suturing. Moreover, OTSC was associated with decreased overall procedure time and total costs per procedure while trending to be associated with less adverse events. |
Endoscopic Suturing for Gastrointestinal Applications: Initial Results from a Prospective Multicenter European Registry. Overstitch-based suturing is technically feasible regardless of site and the method of suturing, with no cases of failure. The overall technical success rate of 99.3% and the clinical outcome success rate of 89% demonstrate the Overstitch technology provides reliable suturing with clinical advantages especially with fistulas <1 cm. |
Randomized trial comparing general anesthesia with anesthesiologist administered deep sedation for ERCP in average-risk patients. GA is safe with fewer SRAE than MAC in patients with ASA scores =3 undergoing ERCP. Apart from prolonging induction time, use of GA does not change the procedural success or ERCP-related complications and offers greater endoscopist/patient satisfaction. Hence, GA is a consideration in patients undergoing ERCP in this population group. |
Risk-based Decision Making Related to Pre-Procedural-COVID-19 Testing in the Setting of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy: Management of Risks, Evidence, and Behavioral Health Economics. Under al scenarios tested, pre-procedural testing reduces the SAE risk for HCW regardless of the SARS-CoV-2 variant. Benefits of pre-procedural testing are marginal when community transmission is low (e.g., below 10 infections/day/100,000 population). The proposed decision support tool can assist to develop rational pre-procedural testing policies. |
Submucosal tunneling endoscopic septum division for esophageal diverticulum with a median follow-up of 39 months: a multicenter cohort study. STESD is a safe and valid endoscopic minimally invasive surgery for esophageal diverticulum, which can reduce symptoms and improve quality of life. |
| Gut |
6a-hydroxylated bile acids mediate TGR5 signalling to improve glucose metabolism upon dietary fiber supplementation in mice. Modulation of the gut microbiota with oligofructose enriches bacteria involved in 6a-hydroxylated bile acid production and leads to TGR5-GLP1R axis activation to improve body weight and metabolism under western-style diet feeding in mice. |
Blockade of interleukin 10 potentiates antitumour immune function in human colorectal cancer liver metastases. Neutralising the effects of IL-10 in human CRLM has therapeutic potential as a stand-alone treatment and to augment the function of adoptively transferred CAR-T cells. |
Comparison of lumen-apposing metal stents versus double-pigtail plastic stents for infected necrotising pancreatitis. Our comparison of two patient groups from two multicentre prospective studies with a similar design suggests that LAMS do not reduce the need for endoscopic transluminal necrosectomy when compared with double-pigtail plastic stents in patients with infected necrotising pancreatitis. Also, the rate of bleeding complications was comparable. |
Escape from cell-cell and cell-matrix adhesion dependence underscores disease progression in gastric cancer organoid models. The CCi/CMi phenotype has a critical role in malignant transformation and tumour progression, offering new mechanistic information on RHO-ROCK pathway inhibition that contributes to GC pathogenicity. |
Protective and aggressive bacterial subsets and metabolites modify hepatobiliary inflammation and fibrosis in a murine model of PSC. Objective Conflicting microbiota data exist for primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) and experimental models. Goal define the function of complex resident microbes and their association relevant to PSC patients by studying germ-free (GF) and antibiotic-treated specific pathogen-free (SPF) multidrug-resistant 2 deficient ( mice and PSC patients with associated clinical risk score. These insights may guide personalised targeted therapeutic interventions in PSC patients. |
| Hepatology |
Alpha-kinase 1 (ALPK1) Agonist, DF-006 Demonstrates Potent Efficacy in Murine and Primary Human Hepatocyte Models of Hepatitis B. DF-006 was efficacious in mouse and primary human hepatocyte models of HBV without any indications of overt toxicity. In mice, DF-006 localized primarily to the liver where it potently activated innate immunity. The transcriptional response in mouse liver provides insights into mechanisms that mediate anti-HBV efficacy by DF-006. |
IL-31 Levels Correlate with Pruritus in Patients with Cholestatic and Metabolic Liver Diseases and is FXR Responsive in NASH. In a humanized liver murine model, obeticholic acid increased IL-31 mRNA expression in human hepatocytes and serum levels of human IL-31 CONCLUSIONS: IL-31 levels correlate with pruritus in patients with cholestatic disease and NASH, with FXR agonist therapy resulting in higher serum levels in the latter group. IL-31 appears to derive in part from increased hepatocyte expression. These findings have therapeutic implications for patients with liver disease and pruritus. |
Letter to the Editor: The Precise Relationship Between MELD and Survival Without a Liver Transplant. The author's efforts are admirable. We concur with the utmost summary that a survival function is an invaluable tool for a wide range of applications in liver transplantation, including calculating the relative demand for deceased donor livers in different geographic areas, calibrating the pediatric end-stage liver disease (PELD) score, and determining whether to endorse an offered liver. We believe, however, that it is necessary to state additional points that would enhance the article's brilliance and add to prior knowledge. |
Loss of hepatic DRP1 exacerbates alcoholic hepatitis by inducing megamitochondria and mitochondrial maladaptation. Alcohol consumption decreases hepatic DRP1 resulting in increased megamitochondria and mitochondrial maladaptation that promotes AH by mitochondria-mediated inflammation and cell injury. |
METTL1 is required for non-homologous end joining repair and renders hepatocellular carcinoma resistant to radiotherapy. Our findings show that METTL1 is a critical enhancer for HCC cell NHEJ-based DNA repair following IR therapy. These findings give novel insights into the role of tRNA modification in mRNA translation control in HCC radioresistance. |
Probiotic-derived Nanoparticles Inhibit ALD through Intestinal miR194 Suppression and Subsequent FXR Activation. Our results demonstrated that gut microbiota-mediated miR194 regulation contributes to ALD pathogenesis and to the protective effects of LDNPs through modulating intestinal FXR signaling. |
| Inflamm Bowel Dis |
A Serum Biomarker Panel Can Accurately Identify Mucosal Ulcers in Patients With Crohn's Disease. The EHI was independently associated with ulcer size and accurately identified large or very large ulcers. A cutoff of 50 points can reliably rule in mucosal ulcers and allow for treatment adjustment. A cutoff of 20 points can reliably rule out mucosal ulcers and signal completion of treatment adjustment algorithms. |
Label-Free Characterization and Quantification of Mucosal Inflammation in Common Murine Colitis Models With Multiphoton Imaging. Quantification of label-free imaging is promising for in vivo endoscopy. In the future, this could be valuable for monitoring of inflammatory pathways in murine models, which is highly relevant for the development of new inflammatory bowel disease therapeutics. |
Tofacitinib Response in Ulcerative Colitis (TOUR): Early Response After Initiation of Tofacitinib Therapy in a Real-world Setting. In this prospective real-world study, tofacitinib resulted in a rapid and persistent improvement in UC disease activity PROs. The safety findings were consistent with the established safety profile of tofacitinib. |
| J Crohns Colitis |
Aberrant mesenteric adipose extracellular matrix remodeling is involved in adipocyte dysfunction in Crohn's disease: The role of TLR-4-mediated macrophages. The aberrant ECM remodeling in CD-htMAT contributed to mesenteric adipocyte dysfunction, which may be caused at least partly by TLR4-mediated macrophage remodeling behavior. Inhibiting ECM remodeling may be a potential therapeutic strategy for CD. |
Early intestinal ultrasound predicts intravenous corticosteroid response in hospitalized patients with severe ulcerative colitis. Changes in bowel wall thickness after 48±24h following intravenous corticosteroid treatment in hospitalized patients with severe ulcerative colitis identify responders with high accuracy and might be used as an early marker to guide accelerated rescue therapy. |
Efficacy, safety and tolerability of oral sulfate tablet for bowel preparation in patients with inflammatory bowel disease: Multicenter randomized controlled study. Both OST and 2 L PEG/Asc demonstrated high successful cleansing and safety in patients with inactive IBD. OST achieved higher satisfaction than 2 L PEG/Asc. Our results suggest that the OST split-dose regimen is effective and safe for patients with inactive IBD. |
Intraabdominal septic complications after ileocolic resection increases risk for endoscopic and surgical postoperative Crohn's disease recurrence. IASC is associated with an increased risk for endoscopic and surgical POR of Crohn's disease. Preoperative optimization to prevent IASC, in addition to postoperative biologic prophylaxis, may help reduce risk for endoscopic and surgical POR. |
Non-Invasive Serological Monitoring for Crohn's Disease Post-Operative Recurrence. The non-invasive multi-marker EHI has sufficient accuracy to be used to monitor for post-operative Crohn's disease recurrence. A monitoring strategy that combines EHI with ileo-colonoscopy, with or without fecal calprotectin, should now be prospectively tested. |
Novel Budesonide Suppository and Standard Budesonide Rectal Foam Induce High Rates of Clinical Remission and Mucosal Healing in Active Ulcerative Proctitis, a Randomised, Controlled, Non-inferiority Trial. In patients with ulcerative proctitis, budesonide 4 mg suppository was non-inferior to budesonide 2 mg foam in efficacy, and both were safe and well tolerated. EudraCT no. 2016-001921-15. |
Safety of ustekinumab and vedolizumab during pregnancy - pregnancy, neonatal and infant outcome: a prospective multicenter study. Use of ustekinumab and vedolizumab in pregnancy seems to be safe, with favorable pregnancy and postnatal infant outcomes. Placental transfer differed between these two drugs, with ustekinumab having similar and vedolizumab having inverse infant-to-maternal ratio of drug levels compared to anti-TNF preparations. |
| J Hepatol |
LIVER STIFFNESS, BUT NOT FATTY LIVER DISEASE, IS ASSOCIATED WITH ATRIAL FIBRILLATION: THE ROTTERDAM STUDY. Fatty liver disease was not associated with prevalent or incident atrial fibrillation; while liver stiffness was significantly associated with atrial fibrillation, especially among those without steatosis. This association might be driven by venous congestion instead of fibrogenesis, but this awaits further validation. We recommend to consider assessing cardiovascular health in participants with high liver stiffness, especially in the absence of overt liver disease. |
Safety and efficacy of vebicorvir administered with entecavir in treatment-naïve patients with chronic hepatitis B virus infection. In this 24-week study, VBR+ETV provided additive antiviral activity over PBO+ETV in treatment-naïve patients with cHBV with a favourable safety and tolerability profile. |
| Neurogastroenterol Motil |
A novel scalable electrode array and system for non-invasively assessing gastric function using flexible electronics. BSGM is a new diagnostic tool for assessing gastric function that is scalable and ready for clinical applications, offering several biomarkers that are improved or new to gastroenterology practice. |
An automated artifact detection and rejection system for body surface gastric mapping. An automated artifact detection and rejection algorithm was developed showing >95% sensitivity and specificity vs expert markers. This algorithm overcomes an important challenge in the clinical translation of BSGM and is now being routinely implemented in patient test interpretations. |
Plenty of the editorials are available as full text through the publisher website using the provided link
| Aliment Pharmacol Ther |
Review article: thromboelastography in liver diseases. TEG can reflect the haemostatic status of liver diseases more comprehensively than CCTs. It has the potential to assess the severity of liver diseases, predict the risk of bleeding and death in patients with liver disease and guide blood product transfusion. Future studies should standardise the use of TEG for assessing disease severity and development of clinical events and guiding blood product transfusion in patients with liver diseases. |
| Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol |
Progress in gastroparesis- a narrative review of the work of the Gastroparesis Clinical Research Consortium. The Gastroparesis Clinical Research Consortium (GpCRC) is a multicenter coalition created and funded by the National Institutes of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Disorders (NIDDK), with a mission to advance understanding of the pathophysiology of gastroparesis and develop an effective treatment for patients with symptomatic gastroparesis. In this review, we summarize the results of the published GpCRC studies to provide a ready and convenient resource for gastroenterologists and others to provide a clear understanding of the consortium's experience and perspective on gastroparesis and related disorders. |
| Gastrointest Endosc |
| Gut |
Artificial intelligence in gastroenterology and hepatology: how to advance clinical practice while ensuring health equity. If unrecognised, these technologies could generate or worsen systematic racial, ethnic and sex disparities when deployed on a large scale. There are several mechanisms through which AI/ML could contribute to health inequities in gastroenterology and hepatology, including diagnosis of oesophageal cancer, management of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), liver transplantation, colorectal cancer screening and many others. This review adapts a framework for ethical AI/ML development and application to gastroenterology and hepatology such that clinical practice is advanced while minimising bias and optimising health equity. |
COVID-19 and liver disease. However, LT did not represent a risk factor per se of worse outcome. Even though scarce, data regarding COVID-19 specific therapy in special populations such as LT recipients seem promising. COVID-19 vaccine-induced immunity seems impaired in CLD and LT recipients, advocating for a revised schedule of vaccine administration in this population. |
| J Hepatol |
Porto-sinusoidal vascular disorder. Since other conditions including alcoholic and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, or viral hepatitis, or the presence of portal vein thrombosis may occur in patients with PSVD, their relative contribution to the liver damage should be carefully assessed. In addition to histology and clinical diagnostic criteria, imaging and noninvasive tests such as liver and spleen stiffness measurements seem to aid in the diagnostic workup. The introduction of PSVD as a novel clinical entity will facilitate collaborative studies and investigations of the underlying molecular pathomechanisms. |
Letters to the editors and authors’ replies
| Aliment Pharmacol Ther |
| Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol |
| Gastroenterology |
| Gut |
| Hepatology |
Letter to the Editor: Is NAFLD a Bystander or Contributor to Coronary Artery Disease? We read the recent study by Ren et al 1 in the April issue of HEPATOLOGY, which reported a robust association between genetically predicted NAFLD and coronary artery disease (CAD) after exclusion of genetic variants that are implicated in impaired very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) secretion. However, we have some concerns about the use of Mendelian randomization (MR) in this study. |
Letter to the Editor: Recovery and outcomes of patients denied early liver transplantation for severe alcohol-associated hepatitis. The article's main point is that spontaneous recovery from alcoholic hepatitis following liver transplant evaluation is associated with younger age, a lower international normalized ratio (INR) index, and a lower peak model for end-stage liver disease (MELD) scores. Relapse to alcohol use is the most common cause of impaired post-recovery survival; however, among al alcoholic hepatitis survivors, only liver transplantation was associated with improved survival. However, it seemed worthwhile to add a few more points to improve the article's conclusion. |
| J Hepatol |
| Neurogastroenterol Motil |
all remaining publications eg case reports, images of the month, etc…
| Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol |
| Gastroenterology |
| Gut |
| Inflamm Bowel Dis |
| J Hepatol |